Rivet.



l improved it may be readily vtured, and which 'when in use wi and will secure an V tively soft and malleable metal wearing block UNITED sTATEs PATENT oEEicE.

WILLIAM C. BRAY, or NEWTON, MASSACHUSETTS, AssIeNois'l To TUBULAB. mvET a STUD COMPANY, AconronATroN or MASSACHUSETTS.

BIVET.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented oet. 26, 1909.

1908. Serial No. 463,338.

Newton, in the county of Middlesex and State of Massachusetts, have invented certain new and useful Improvements 1n Rivets; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such. as will enable others skilled inthe art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

kThe invention relates to rivets such as are adapted for use in connection with automobile tires for the purpose of protecting such tires from wear, and for preventing slipping or skidding when driving over wet or slippery roads. l

T e object of the invention is to provide an improved rivet of this type which may be conveniently and economicall manufacpresent a durable wearingv surface,

grip upon the surface which is engaged by the rivet.

To these ends one feature of the invention contemplates the provision in a rivet providedwith a shank and head of comparaand a wearing block of comparatively hard metal 'secured in or on the head, of a soft metal plug secured in the wearing block and subjected tothe Wear to which the wear' g block is subjected. With this construction of rivet the wear u on the soft metal plug causes it to become orn away to a shght y greater degree than the surrounding hard metal of the wearing block, so that a shallow depression is'formed in the wearing resence of this depression in the wearing lock increases the grippin action ofthe upon the sur ace engaged by the rivet, and as the wearing block wears away, the plug also wears -away so that the depression remains until the wearing block is completely worn away, and is unaffected by the wearm of thewearin lock.

In its broa er aspects, the invention conber of soft metal plugs in and any suitable construction of which the shank is of such a characterthat bent or worked in attaching the rivet,.while the head is provided with a hard metal wearmti l k b oc A further feature of e invent-ion con- United States, residing at preferred to block. The

shown as soli formed from. s

templates forming the head of therivet as a retaining cap for the hard metal wearing block, and extending the shank vor body of the rivet through the bottom of vthe cup and through the wearing block, so that 'the ex-v posed end of the shank or body portion of the' rivet forms a soft metal plug 1n the wearing block;

Arivet thus formed is sim le and durable in construction, land is well agapted for convenient manufacture by automatic machinery. In thus forming the rivet, -it is also secure the shank or body portion of the rivet to the head by forming a lian e upon the shankwhich lies within'the hea and which is firmly held against the interior of the head by the engagement of the Vwearing block with the upper surface of the flange. It is also preferred to form a liangge on the lower edge of the wearing bloc and to secure block' in the wearing the head b bending in the rim of the head over the a e. Ihis preferred construction of rivet orms a further feature of the invention.'

of the accompanyin drawings,

Figure 1 isv a sectlonal view through the axis of a completed rivet, and Fig. 2 is a similar view of the assembled parts before they are bound together.

The rivets prises a shank or body portion 1, an a head 2, within which is secured the wearin block 3. The4 shank or body portion 1 is ormed of malleable or pliant metal which may be bent or riveted in securing the rivet in p ace The shank proper of the body portion is d, ut it will be understood that the shank portion may be either tubular or split, as may be ldesir The head 2 1s also formed of a malleable or pliant metal, which' ma be readily bent and shaped by dies. This head is cu shaped, and may be readily Iheet metal by the action of suitable dies. In constructin the rivet, the cup'head .2 is bent i tothe orm of a cup, such as s hwn in Fig. 2, so that it may be readily applied to the shank or yortion, and so that vthe wearing block 3 w 'ch is formed of hardened or` tempered metal may be readily introduced into the interior of the cup.

The body portion of the rivet is prof shown 1n the drawin comy the interior surface of the cup 2, and with drawings, -with l the body a conical uppersurface to engage a corresponding surface formed on the lnner face block 3. The wearing block y of the wearin 3, is preferab y provided, as shown in the a recess on itsinner face adapted to fit over the flange 4, as with this construction a thicker .and more vdurable wearing block is provided. The wearing block is provided with a central hole, and

yond the ange 4 through the hole to form a soft metal vplug in the center of the wearing block. The wearing block is provided on its inner edge with a projecting flange 5, and the arts are rmly bound together by bending 1n the rim 6 of the head 2 over the lian e, as indicated in Fig. 1.

The rivet described may be conveniently and economically manufactured, and provides a strong and' durable structure in which the parts are rmly and rigidly bound together without ldanger-of becoming loose or detached. The wearing block presents a hard andy durable surface for taking the wear to which the durin the use of theV rivet the soft metal plug ormed by the end of the body portion of the rivet wears away to form a cupped recess in the block, as indicated in dotted lines in Fig. 1. The presence of this recess increases the effective gripping action of the rivet, and decreases the lia or skidding when driving ery surfaces. wThe recess 1n the wearing lock isnot affected by the wearing away ility of slipping of the inventlon,

ortion of the rivet extends be-,

rivet is subjected, while over wet or slipworn away, the softer material of the plug is also subjected to increased wear, and is also worn away, so that there is always a cupped recess in the wearing block which is not of suicient depth to collect and retain any material amount of dirt or grit.

Having explained the nature and object and specifically described one form 'of rivet in which the invention may be embodied, what I claim is l. A rivet comprising a shank and a head provided with a wearing block, and a soft metal plug in thev wearing face of the wearing block, substantially as described.

2. A rivet comprising a shank, a head provided with a recess, a wearing block secured in the head, and a soft-metal., plug in the wearing face' of the wearing block, silbstantially as described.

3. A rivet com rising a shank, a head cup, a flange on the siiank within the cup, and a wearing block secured within clamping the iiange against the bottom of the cup, substantially as described.

4. A rivet comprising a wearing block having a flange on its inner edge, a head cup having its rim turned in over the flange, a shank extending through .the wearin and cup and provided wit-hpa flange c amped between thel wearing block and interior of the cup, substantially as described. A

`In testimony whereof I affix my signature, in presence 0f two witnesses.

WILLIAM C. BRAY. Witnesses: v

GEO. E. STROUT, MATTHIAS E. CROCKER.

block 

